Brazilian Pepper - Good For Nothing?

Not exactly. I'm certainly not a fan of the plant, so let me explain. Brazilian pepper is a highly invasive, aggressive and prolific shrub that is found in subtropic regions around the world. Here in the United States it is found in Florida, Texas, California, Hawaii, Louisiana and the commonwealth of Puerto Rico. It is a relative of the poison ivy. It causes severe skin irritation, sinus and nasal congestion, sneezing, eye irritation and headaches. There are reported deaths of birds and grazing livestock following consumption of the leaves and fruit.

 

Environmental Impact (why everyone hates it) -The Brazilian pepper is a disturbed site pioneer - this includes rights-of-way for roads, powerlines and canals. Once established, it will quickly invade adjacent land, while at the same time displacing native plants. Its establishment success has resulted in expansive areas of Brazilian pepper mono-cultures, completely lacking any form of plant and animal biodiversity. A large part of the Florida Everglades is threatened by the species.

Possible Uses (using lemons to make lemonade) - Brazilian peppers are not desirable plants. The state of Florida has a management plan in place that seeks to eradicate the species. However, there are some uses for the destroyed plants. The wood quality of these shrubs is poor; however, it can be used to make small products such as fence posts, toothpicks, and organic mulch (from male plants only). In addition, despite its toxic properties, the Brazilian pepper is a notable source of nectar and pollen for bees in Hawaii and Florida. From it, local bees produce a vaguely peppery tasting low-grade honey.

References:

Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council; Brazilian Pepper Management Plan; Recommendations from the Brazilian Peppertree Task Force; J.P Cuda, et al.; April 2006

University of Florida IFAS Extension; Brazilian Pepper-tree Control; Ken Gioeli, et al.; February 2009
Are Brazilian Pepper Trees Toxic?